پژوهش‌های باستان‌شناسی زاگرس

پژوهش‌های باستان‌شناسی زاگرس

نگاهی به نظریه «انقلابِ طیف گسترده» در بافت روند نوسنگی شدن در زاگرس مرکزی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده
گروه باستان شناسی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران
چکیده
زاگرس مرکزی به واسطۀ پیشگامی در پژوهش‌های میدانی نوسنگی شدن، در شکل‌گیری و ارائه نظریات اولیه مرتبط با شروع کشاورزی طی دهه‌های 1950 تا 1970 میلادی نقش اساسی را ایفاء نموده است. از جمله این نظریات که توسط کنت فلنری ارائه شده، «انقلاب طیف گسترده» بود که در مقابل نظریه مناطق هسته‌ای رابرت بریدوود بر نقش مناطق حاشیه‌ای تأکید نمود. فلنری این نظر را به تأثیر از لوئیس بینفورد و با تکیه بر شواهد باستان‌شناسی که وی به همراه فرانک هول در دهه 1960 میلادی از دره خرم‌آباد و تپه علی‌کش یافته بود، ارائه نمود. او معتقد بود که به واسطه فشار جمعیت در مناطق حاشیه‌ای مانند دشت دهلران، جوامع به گسترش طیف منابع غذایی خود روی آورده و در این راستا به اهلی‌سازی گیاهان و حیوانات نیز پرداخته‌اند. امروز شواهد جدید نه تنها در دره خرم‌آباد و تپه علی‌کش، بلکه در سراسر زاگرس مرکزی، زمینه را برای ارزیابی و بازنگری این نظریه نموده است. نظریه انقلاب طیف گسترده در سال‌های اخیر با تأثیر بر دو نظریه «خوراک‌جویی مطلوب» و «کنام‌سازی» همچنان در محافل علمی و نظری باستان‌شناسی مورد توجه است.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

A Review of the “Broad Spectrum Revolution” Theory in the Context of Neolithization Processes in the Central Zagros

نویسنده English

Hojjat Darabi
Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
چکیده English

The Central Zagros, due to its pioneering role in field research on the Neolithization process, played a fundamental part in shaping and presenting the initial theories concerning the origins of agriculture during the 1950s to 1970s. Among these theories, proposed by Kent Flannery, was the “Broad Spectrum Revolution,” which, in contrast to Robert Braidwood’s “Nuclear Zone” hypothesis, emphasized the significance of peripheral regions. Influenced by Lewis Binford and drawing upon archaeological evidence that he, together with Frank Hole, uncovered during the 1960s in the Khorramabad Valley and at Ali Kosh, Flannery argued that, due to population pressures in marginal areas such as the Deh Luran Plain, communities expanded their range of subsistence resources and consequently engaged in the domestication of plants and animals. Today, new evidence—not only from the Khorramabad Valley and Ali Kosh but also across the Central Zagros—provides grounds for reassessing and reinterpreting this theory. In recent years, the “Broad Spectrum Revolution” has continued to attract scholarly attention within archaeological discourse, influencing related models such as “Optimal Foraging Theory” and “Niche Construction.”

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Broad Spectrum Revolution theory
Kent Flannery
Neolithization
Central Zagros
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دوره 2، شماره 1
تیر 1404
صفحه 11-1

  • تاریخ دریافت 24 شهریور 1404